ALICE mission

ALICE is optimized to study the collisions of nuclei at the ultra-relativistic energies provided by the LHC. The aim is to study the physics of strongly interacting matter at the highest energy densities reached so far in the laboratory. In such conditions, an extreme phase of matter - called the quark-gluon plasma - is formed. Our universe is thought to have been in such a primordial state for the first few millionths of a second after the Big Bang, before quarks and gluons were bound together to form protons and neutrons. Recreating this primordial state of matter in the laboratory and understanding how it evolves will allow us to shed light on questions about how matter is organized and the mechanisms that confine quarks and gluons. For this purpose, we are carrying out a comprehensive study of the hadrons, electrons, muons, and photons produced in the collisions of heavy nuclei (208Pb). ALICE is also studying proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions both as a comparison with nucleus-nucleus collisions and in their own right. In 2021, ALICE completed a significant upgrade of its detectors to further enhance its capabilities and continue its scientific journey at the LHC in Run 3 and 4, until the end of 2032. At the same time,  upgrade plans are being made for ALICE 3, the next-generation experiment for LHC Runs 5 and 6.

Recent highlights

 

Recent highlights

On 15 July 2025, the ALICE collaboration celebrated its PhD thesis award winners during a special function held as a part of the ALICE week collaboration meeting at CERN: Read more
Oxygen collisions at the LHC: Collapsing the nuclear wave function: read more ....
proton-Oxygen Run at LHC ongoing, will be followed by Oxygen-Oxygen data taking: read more ....

Latest ALICE Submissions

$\overlineΣ^{\pm}$ production in pp and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV with ALICE The transverse momentum spectra and integrated yields of $\overline{\Sigma}^{\pm}$ have been measured in pp and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV with the ALICE experiment. Measurements are performed via the newly accessed decay channel $\overline{\Sigma}^{\pm} \rightarrow {\rm\overline{n}}\pi^{\pm}$. A new method of antineutron reconstruction with the PHOS electromagnetic spectrometer is developed and applied to this analysis. The $p_{\rm T}$ spectra of $\overline{\Sigma}^{\pm}$ are measured in the range $0.5 < ~ p_{\rm T} < ~ 3$ GeV/$c$ and compared to predictions of the PYTHIA 8, DPMJET, PHOJET, EPOS LHC and EPOS4 models. The EPOS LHC and EPOS4 models provide the best descriptions of the measured spectra both in pp and p-Pb collisions, while models which do not account for multiparton interactions provide a considerably worse description at high $p_{\rm T}$. The total yields of $\overline{\Sigma}^{\pm}$ in both pp and p-Pb collisions are compared to predictions of the Thermal-FIST model and dynamical models PYTHIA 8, DPMJET, PHOJET, EPOS LHC and EPOS4. All models reproduce the total yields in both colliding systems within uncertainties. The nuclear modification factors $R_{\rm pPb}$ for both $\overline{\Sigma}^{+}$ and $\overline{\Sigma}^{-}$ are evaluated and compared to those of protons, $\Lambda$ and $\Xi$ hyperons, and predictions of EPOS LHC and EPOS4 models. No deviations of $R_{\rm pPb}$ for $\overline{\Sigma}^{\pm}$ from the model predictions or measurements for other hadrons are found within uncertainties.
2507.13183
Medium-induced modification of azimuthal correlations of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays with charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}} = 5.02}$ TeV The azimuthal-correlation distributions between electrons from the decays of heavy-flavor hadrons and associated charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV are reported for the 0-10% and 30-50% centrality classes. This is the first measurement to provide access to the azimuthal-correlation observables in the heavy-flavor sector in Pb-Pb collisions. The analysis is performed for trigger electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays with transverse momentum $4 < ~ p_{\rm T}^{\rm e} < ~ 16$ GeV/$c$, considering associated particles within the transverse-momentum range $1 < ~ p_{\rm T}^{\rm assoc} < ~ 7$ GeV/$c$, and a pseudorapidity difference of $|\Delta\eta| < ~ 1$ between the trigger electron and associated particles. The per-trigger nuclear modification factor ($I_{\rm AA}$) is calculated to compare the near- and away-side peak yields to those in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5.02$ TeV. In 0-10% central collisions, the $I_{\rm AA}$ indicates a hint of enhancement of associated-particle yields with $p_{\rm T} < ~ 3$ GeV/$c$ on the near side, and a suppression of yields with $p_{\rm T} > 4$ GeV/$c$ on the away side. The $I_{\rm AA}$ for electron triggers from heavy-flavor hadron decays is compared with that for light-flavor and strange-particle triggers to investigate the dependence on different fragmentation processes and parton-medium dynamics, and is found to be the same within uncertainties.
2507.13197
Study of $\langle p_{\mathrm{T}} \rangle$ and its higher moments, and extracting the speed of sound in $\mathrm{Pb}-\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions with ALICEUltrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions produce a state of hot and dense strongly interacting QCD matter called quark--gluon plasma (QGP). On an event-by-event basis, the volume of the QGP in ultra-central collisions is mostly constant, while its total entropy can vary significantly due to quantum fluctuations, leading to variations in the temperature of the system. Exploiting this unique feature of ultra-central collisions, allows to interpret the correlation of the mean transverse momentum $(\langle p_{\mathrm{T}} \rangle)$ of produced charged hadrons and the number of charged hadrons as a measure for the speed of sound, $c_{s}$. The speed of sound, $c_{s}$, which is related to the speed at which compression waves travel in a certain type of medium, in this case the QGP, is determined by fitting the relative increase of the $\langle p_{\mathrm{T}} \rangle$ with respect to the relative change of the average charged-particle density $(\langle \mathrm{d}N_\mathrm{ch}/\mathrm{d}\eta \rangle)$ measured at midrapidity. This study reports the variance, skewness, and kurtosis of the event-by-event transverse momentum per charged particle $([p_{\mathrm{T}}])$ distribution, as well as the $\langle p_{\mathrm{T}} \rangle$ of charged particles in ultra-central Pb--Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair using the ALICE detector. Different centrality estimators based on charged-particle multiplicity or the transverse energy of the event are used to select ultra-central collisions. By ensuring a pseudorapidity gap between the region used to define the centrality and the region to perform the measurement, the influence of biases and their potential effects on the rise of the mean transverse momentum is tested. The measured $c_{s}^{2}$ is found to strongly depend on the type of the centrality estimator and ranges between $0.115 \pm 0.0028 \, \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.0065 \, \mathrm{(syst)}$ and $0.437 \pm 0.0018 \, \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.0184 \, \mathrm{(syst)}$ in natural units. The self-normalized variance shows a steep decrease towards ultra-central collisions, while the self-normalized skewness show a maximum, followed by fast decrease. These non-Gaussian features are understood in terms of the vanishing of the impact parameter fluctuations contributing to the event-to-event $[p_{\mathrm{T}}]$ distribution.
2506.10394
Femtoscopic study of the proton-proton and proton-deuteron systems in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC This work reports femtoscopic correlations of p$-$p ($\bar{\rm p}-\bar{\rm p}$) and p$-$d ($\bar{\rm p}-\bar{\rm d}$) pairs measured in Pb$-$Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV by the ALICE Collaboration. A fit to the measured proton-proton correlation functions allows one to extract the dependence of the nucleon femtoscopic radius of the particle-emitting source on the pair transverse mass ($m_\text{T}$) and on the average charge particle multiplicity $\langle\text{dN}_\text{ch}/\text{d}\eta\rangle^{1/3}$ for three centrality intervals (0$-$10$\%$, 10$-$30$\%$, 30$-$50$\%$). In both cases, the expected power-law and linear scalings are observed, respectively. The measured p$-$d correlations can be described by both two- and three-body calculations, indicating that the femtoscopy observable is not sensitive to the short-distance features of the dynamics of the p$-$(p$-$n) system, due to the large inter-particle distances in Pb$-$Pb collisions at the LHC. Indeed, in this study, the minimum measured femtoscopic source sizes for protons and deuterons have a minimum value at $2.73^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$ and $3.10^{+1.04}_{-0.86}$ fm, respectively, for the 30$-$50$\%$ centrality collisions. Moreover, the $m_{\rm{T}}$-scaling obtained for the p$-$p and p$-$d systems is compatible within 1$\sigma$ of the uncertainties. These findings provide new input for fundamental studies on the production of light (anti)nuclei under extreme conditions.
2505.01061
Long-range transverse momentum correlations and radial flow in Pb$-$Pb collisions at the LHC This Letter presents measurements of long-range transverse-momentum correlations using a new observable, $v_{0}(p_\mathrm{T})$, which serves as a probe of radial flow and medium properties in heavy-ion collisions. Results are reported for inclusive charged particles, pions, kaons, and protons across various centrality intervals in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02$ TeV, recorded by the ALICE detector. A pseudorapidity-gap technique, similar to that used in anisotropic-flow studies, is employed to suppress short-range correlations. At low $p_\mathrm{T}$, a characteristic mass ordering consistent with hydrodynamic collective flow is observed. At higher $p_\mathrm{T}$ ($> 3$ GeV/$c$), protons exhibit larger $v_{0}(p_\mathrm{T})$ than pions and kaons, in agreement with expectations from quark-recombination models. These results are sensitive to the bulk viscosity and the equation of state of the QCD medium formed in heavy-ion collisions.
2504.04796
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Diversity and Inclusivity in ALICE

The ALICE Collaboration embraces and values the diversity of its team members and colleagues. We are committed to fostering an inclusive environment for all people regardless of their nationality/culture, profession, age/generation, family situation and gender, as well as individual differences such as but not limited to ethnic origin, sexual orientation, belief, disability, or opinions provided that they are consistent with the Organization’s values.